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Making
Waves ... Women In
The U.S. Navy
by U.S. Navy Petty Officer 2nd Class Tristan Lotz
March 7, 2021
Women in today’s U.S. Navy proudly serve alongside their male
counterparts, with great opportunity ahead of them and a wake of
history and perseverance behind them.
Women’s naval history
officially starts in 1908 with the establishment of the Navy Nurse
Corps. A contract nurse from the Spanish-American War named Esther
Voorhees Hasson was appointed superintendent. Hasson was joined by
19 other women, who together formed the “Sacred Twenty”. These women
were the first to officially serve in the United States Navy.
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March 6, 2021 - A graphic illustrating women serving in the United States Navy from the “Sacred Twenty” in 1908, to the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES), to Rear Admiral Grace Hopper to the present day. Though originally confined to administrative roles or serving aboard auxiliary vessels, women may serve in any rating or capacity in the Navy today. (U.S. Navy photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Tristan Lotz)
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The 20th century saw women make great strides in naval service.
Manning issues in both World Wars compelled the Navy to open
enlistment to women. The most famous example of this was the Women
Appointed for Voluntary Emergency Services (WAVES), authorized by
President Franklin D. Roosevelt with Public Law 689. The goal of the
WAVES was to have women serving in shore positions so as to free up
male service members for deployment in Europe or the Pacific.
Many women, however, would ultimately serve on the front during
the war. Some were even held as prisoners of war in the Pacific
theater and honored for their heroism. It would be these deeds that
began to change the views of the brass regarding women in uniform.
“I think women in the Navy have definitely contributed greatly
to our armed forces as a whole,” said Senior Chief Boatswain’s Mate
Faron Carhee, senior enlisted advisor of Naval Submarine Base
(SUBASE) New London Port Operations Department. “I personally tend
to not want the recognition for being a woman, but as a Sailor. I am
just as capable as the next individual, regardless of gender. A
woman can do whatever a man can do, it’s the effort and the drive,
the motivation that counts.”
The post-war years saw barriers
to women in the military fall one by one like dominoes. Women began
to serve aboard ships and became command leaders in their own right.
Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, beloved by the ranks
for his populist reforms to the fleet and commended by President
Bill Clinton as the “conscience of the Navy,” issued Z-Gram 116 on
August 7, 1972 to further expand opportunities for women. The 1970s
and 80s would see women enter the aviation field and begin serving
in regular capacities aboard auxiliary ships such as oilers and
tenders. Gulf War fighter pilot Capt. Rosemary Mariner would say of
gender in combat: “A machine gun is a great equalizer.”
As
the 21st century progresses, so does technology and war fighting.
Gender has become less of an issue as the ability to operate complex
equipment has become even more important. In 2010, the Department of
the Navy announced that women would be authorized to serve aboard
submarines. Ballistic-missile (SSBN) and guided-missile (SSGN) class
submarines were the first to have female Sailors among their crews.
In 2016, Secretary of the Navy Ash Carter opened all combat jobs to
women.
 Now,
women serve in virtually all ratings and capacities, bringing that
much more talent and ability to America’s Navy; and today, serving
daughters look to their veteran mothers’ achievements with awe and
inspiration.
“My mom is a shining example of a woman who has
made history,” said Information Systems Technician 2nd Class Aviana Nash, who works in SUBASE New London’s
SUBASE Message Center. “She was one of the first women to be a
computer scientist in the Air Force. She was the first of her family
to go to college and get multiple degrees, but the only way she got
to do that was to join the Air Force. She is from little country
Mississippi. She was a country girl who wanted to go to college and
the military was the reason she was able to go to school. She got a
Bachelor’s and a Master’s. That’s why I like Women’s Mentorship,
Women’s Celebration. That’s all near and dear to my heart. That’s
why I joined, because my mom was able to use it as a stepping stone.
I’m following the legacy.”
From twenty nurses on a repurposed
steamboat to yeomen handling important documents in Washington,
D.C., to pilots and submariners, women in America’s Navy continue to
make positive waves for the service and the nation.
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